Unique Laws and Rules of Tennis

Introduction

Tennis, a widely cherished individual sport, boasts a rich history dating back to the 12th century. Initially associated with the European upper class, it has evolved beyond those beginnings to become a global phenomenon uniting people from diverse backgrounds. Guiding this worldwide passion, the International Tennis Federation (ITF) assumes the role of tennis' governing body, tasked with upholding the game's integrity through it Rules of Tennis. However, the professional facet of tennis finds stewardship in the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), each enforcing their distinct regulations for professional tournaments. In this Microblog, we delve into the most unique laws and rules of tennis, from the iconic dress code at Wimbledon to court grunting, unearthing the sport's most distinctive and intriguing regulations throughout its storied history.

Toilet Breaks

Section VII in the WTA Rule Book, women's three-set matches permit one toilet break per match. Meanwhile, in men's five-set matches, two toilet breaks are allowed, one during the initial three sets and another within the final two sets, per Section VII of the ATP Rule Book. Notably, now each toilet break is limited to a maximum duration of three minutes.

Before the year 2022, both the ATP and WTA Rule Books employed a more ambiguous phrasing, allowing players a "reasonable" amount of time for breaks without specifying an exact duration. This policy attracted significant scrutiny during a particular incident. In the 2021 US Open's opening match, Men’s World No. 4 player, Stefanos Tsitsipas, took an extended toilet break, prompting displeasure from both fans and his opponent, Andy Murray. The crowd's disapproval displayed in boos directed at Tsitsipas, while Murray expressed his dissatisfaction during his post-match press conference, stating, "It's nonsense and he knows it… I have zero tolerance for that behaviour and my respect for him has diminished."

Wimbledon Dress Code

Wimbledon is a well-known tennis tournament with a special reputation for its traditions. The tournament's dress code is a big part of this reputation, requiring players to wear mostly white clothes on the court. Female players have a bit more freedom and can wear solid, slightly darker shorts under their skirts. However, this dress code is strictly enforced as soon as players step onto the court area.

Players are also allowed a small bit of individuality within these bounds. They can add a thin strip of colour, no wider than 10mm, on their sleeves, shorts, or hats. This is checked by officials and must follow Wimbledon Code. A memorable incident stars Australia's Nick Kyrgios, who, in 2022, defiantly donned red and white Jordan shoes. In his post-game retort, Kyrgios quipped, "I do what I want." However, his $10,000 fine underscores the code's unwavering sway

Foot Faults

Foot faults, a rule detailed in ITF's Rule 18 of Tennis Regulations, occur when a server's foot crosses the baseline before striking the ball. Although not a new rule, foot faults often spark disputes, particularly in high-stakes matches.

The 2009 US Open semifinals witnessed a significant foot fault incident involving Serena Williams. A lineswoman's call prompted Williams to react emotionally, shaking her racket and making a violent threat. Williams was subsequently fined $10,000 and required to publicly apologize after her semifinal loss. Speculation even arose about potential suspension from future Grand Slam events. Former player Justin Gimelstob noted, "I’ll say this: 95 percent of foot faults are not called… If they are called, it’s almost 100 percent correct. Why and when are subject to interpretation. That’s why you see players vent." These occurrences highlight tennis' emotional intensity, emphasizing the need for consistent rule application to ensure a fair and balanced game.

Grunting on the Court

Just like salt and pepper or bacon and eggs, tennis and grunting have become synonymous. According to the ATP's Rulebook, Section VII 'Opponent Makes Noise', players are prohibited from making noise while their opponent is hitting the ball, resulting in a point awarded to the opponent. The WTA also enforces a similar rule, known as the 'Hindrance Rule' in Section H, which prevents players from deliberately hindering their opponent through noise or any other means.

In the world of tennis, some players have gained notoriety for their distinctive grunts, with Victoria Azarenka and Novak Djokovic among the most recognizable. A notable incident occurred during a match in the Czech Republic when Chilean player Gonzalo Lama's persistent grunting disturbed his opponent, Dutch tennis player Robin Haase. In response, Haase retaliated by grunting back. According to Section H of the ATP rulebook, the umpire awarded the point to Lama, leaving Haase frustrated. He questioned the decision, asking the umpire, "He can grunt but I couldn't?" The debate over regulating or penalizing grunting has raged on, with some players arguing that it aids their breathing and concentration.

Conclusion

Being a sport with many variables, Tennis demands meticulous regulation. The ITF, ATP, and WTA’s rules and laws of tennis have adapted over time to cater for the sports advancements, with the iconic Wimbledon dress code being a rare exception. Enhancements could be considered, particularly in areas like hindrance caused by grunting, taking inspiration from the clarity achieved in the bathroom break rule. These rules, often sparking engaging debates, contribute to the intriguing fabric of the game.